
Nelson Rolilahla Mandela (born July 18, 1918 – died December 5, 2013)[1] was the leader of the internal resistance against apartheid and the first president of South Africa to be elected in general democratic elections. Before his presidency, he was a member of the African National Congress and was tried and imprisoned for his secret armed resistance activities. [2] During his 27 years in prison, most of which he spent in a cell on Robben Island, Mandela became the most famous anti-apartheid figure in South Africa. Although the apartheid regime and its supporters considered him and the African National Congress as communists and terrorists, the armed struggle was an integral part of the struggle against apartheid. Mandela after his release by the white president F. W. From prison in 1990, in response to D. Klerk's anti-apartheid policies, D. Klerk adopted a pacifist policy, and this led South Africa to move towards a democracy that represents all sections of the people. After working as a lawyer in Johannesburg, he studied at the University of Fort Hare and the University of Witwatersrand.