Aleister’s reference is Thelema Thelema is a Western esoteric and occult social or spiritual philosophy and new religious movement founded in the early 1900s by Aleister Crowley (1875–1947), an English writer, mystic, occultist, and ceremonial magician. The word Thelema is the English transliteration of the Koine Greek noun θέλημα (pronounced [θelima]), "will," from the verb θέλω (thélō): "to will, wish, want or purpose." In 1904, Crowley wrote that he had received The Book of the Law dictated to him by an entity named Aiwass, which was to serve as the foundation of the religious and philosophical system he called Thelema. Crowley identified himself as the prophet of a new age, the Æon of Horus, based upon a spiritual experience that he and his wife, Rose Edith, had in Cairo, Egypt in 1904. By his account, a possibly non-corporeal being that called itself Aiwass contacted him through Rose and subsequently dictated a text known as The Book of the Law or Liber AL vel Legis, which outlined the principles of Thelema. The Thelemic pantheon a collection of gods and goddesses who either literally exist or serve as symbolic archetypes or metaphors—includes a number of deities, primarily a trio adapted from ancient Egyptian religion, who are the three speakers of The Book of the Law: Nuit, Hadit, and Ra-Hoor-Khuit. In at least one instance, Crowley described these deities as a "literary convenience". Aspects of Thelema and Crowley's thought, in general, inspired the development of Wicca and, to a certain degree, the rise of Modern Paganism as a whole, as well as chaos magic and some variations of Satanism. Some scholars, such as Hugh Urban, also believe Thelema to have been an influence on the development of Scientology, but others, such as J. Gordon Melton, argue against there being a connection. Following Crowley's death, several other Thelemites have made significant contributions to Thelema, including Jack Parsons, Kenneth Grant, James Lees, and Nema Andahadna.